Biological weapon

  Is Biological weapons enough for destroying whole country or world?

A biological weapon, sometimes known as a germ weapon, is any of a variety of disease-causing organisms, such as bacteria, viruses, rickettsiae, fungi, toxins, or other biological agents, that can be used against humans, animals, or plants as a weapon. The direct use of infectious agents and poisons against enemy people is a long-standing military practice. Indeed, in numerous conflicts, viruses had killed more people than all of the combat arms combined, even when they were not knowingly deployed as weapons.

                          source:- thequint.com

Biological weapons, like chemical, radiological, and nuclear weapons, are usually referred to as weapons of mass destruction, even though the word is not entirely relevant in the case of biological armaments. Lethal biological weapons can kill a lot of people, but they can't destroy a lot of infrastructure, buildings, or equipment. Nonetheless, due to the indiscriminate character of these weapons, as well as the risk of causing broad pandemics, the difficulty of managing disease impacts, and the mere dread that they instil, most countries have agreed to outlaw the entire class.

As of 2013, 180 countries and Taiwan had joined the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC), with 170 of those countries and Taiwan having signed and ratified the pact, which was available for signing in 1972. The BWC forbids member states from employing biological weapons in conflict, as well as creating, testing, producing, storing, or deploying them. However, several states have continued to develop biological warfare capabilities, preferring a less expensive but still lethal strategic weapon to the more difficult and costly path to nuclear weapons. Furthermore, the potential of a demented individual or terrorist organization manufacturing or stealing biological weapons is becoming a significant security worry.

Biological warfare agents

The type of organism or toxin utilised in a weapons system, lethality, time of incubation, infectiousness, stability, and capacity to be treated with current vaccines and treatments all varies significantly. Biological agents are classified into five types that potentially be weaponized and utilised in conflict or terrorism. These are some examples:

Bacteria are single-celled organisms responsible for diseases such as anthrax, brucellosis, tularemia, and plague.

Rickettsiae are microorganisms that look like bacteria but are intracellular parasites that multiply inside cells. Diseases caused by rickettsia organisms include typhus and Q fever.

• Viruses:- intracellular parasites roughly one-hundredth the size of bacteria that can be weaponized to produce diseases like Venezuelan equine encephalitis.

source:- dnaindia.com

• Fungi:- pathogens that can be weaponized and used to produce diseases such as rice blast, cereal rust, wheat smut, and potato blight in crops.

Source:- kidsdiscover.com

• Toxins:- poisons extracted from snakes, insects, spiders, marine organisms, plants, bacteria, fungus, and animals that can be weaponized. Ricin, which is generated from the seed of the castor bean, is an example of a toxin.

source:- wired.com

Some of these biological agents have qualities that make them more plausible candidates for weaponization, such as lethality, incapacitating ability, contagiousness or non-contagiousness, toughness and stability, and others.

Biological weapons in the World Wars

During World War I (1914–18), Germany launched a covert campaign to infect horses and cattle belonging to Allied soldiers on both the Western and Eastern fronts. It was reported that the glander infectious agent was utilised. For example, German operatives infiltrated the United States and secretly infected animals before transporting them over the Atlantic to aid Allied soldiers. Furthermore, a German attempt to spread disease in St. Petersburg in 1915 was allegedly made to weaken Russian resistance.

Because of the atrocities of World War I, most countries signed the 1925 Geneva Protocol prohibiting the use of biological and chemical weapons in warfare. Nonetheless, Japan, one of the protocol's signatories, embarked on a huge and covert biological warfare research, development, production, and testing programme, and it violated the treaty's ban when it employed biological weapons against Allied forces in China between 1937 and 1945. Not only did the Japanese utilise biological weapons in China, but they also experimented on and killed over 3,000 human subjects (including Allied POWs) in the testing of biological warfare agents and various biological weapons delivery devices. Among other things, the Japanese experimented with infectious agents for bubonic plague, anthrax, typhus, smallpox, yellow fever, tularemia, hepatitis, cholera, gas gangrene, and glanders. Even though there is no documented proof of any additional use of biological weapons during WWII, both sides had active research and development (R&D) programmes.

 Is it true that technology has made us lazy and reliant?

Source:-greenwoodcampbell.com

Technology is actually both a boon and a curse. On paper, technology offers us several benefits and allows us to perform previously impossible things.

However, it has come at a price in reality.

This cost is that technology has become immensely addicting, serving as a source of distraction in the lives of most people. In other words, technology has made us lazy and unproductive due to its added conveniences, keeping us from unlocking our full potential.

How many of us would be able to go a week without using our phones? Do you even remember phone numbers any longer? I can not even remember the last time I went a whole day without using the internet. It's almost horrifying to consider what might happen if we had to go without our favourite device for a longer length of time because of technology. We must face reality: technology has turned us into lazy people.

There's no need to leave the house to have fun.

When you can just relax on the couch and watch Netflix, what's the point of getting up, showering, dressing, and driving to the movies? We've all been in that situation before. You're debating whether or not you should go out and do something, but then something comes over you. You start gazing around at your PS3 and laptop, then decide that remaining at home is just as much fun.

To make matters worse, Nintendo and Microsoft were forced to release the Wii and Kinect before the end of the year (respectively). You can go bowling, play tennis, or watch the Olympic Games in your homeroom thanks to these two irresistible gadgets.

Is it even possible to get lost anymore?

I have the impression that we are rapidly approaching the point where people will no longer be able to read paper maps. A large number of young adults already have no idea how to navigate through their own cities without the aid of a GPS.
MapQuest was the catalyst for the end of paper maps. The ability to print complete turn-by-turn directions for wherever you need to go has effectively eliminated the need for a map. Even with MapQuest, though, some people retained a map in their car simply in case of an emergency.

Because of GPS apps, even MapQuest is being used less frequently. You can get free voice-guided turn-by-turn directions using Google Maps on your smartphone. Even those with no sense of direction may get where they need to go with today's technology.

And now that Apple has entered the GPS sector, the future of paper maps does not appear to be good. Boys Scouts will soon be teaching kids how to navigate with a GPS rather than a compass.

Google can help you find whatever answer you're looking for.

We've all Googled something we're embarrassed to admit we didn't know the answer to. "How to tie a tie" has over 500,000 monthly Google queries, according to Google. Over 1,000 people seek "how to boil water," and "how to boil eggs" has over 40,000 monthly searches for some reason.
 Learning how to do things has never been easier thanks to Google.
 There was a time when you had to choose between two options if you didn't know how to do something:
 Do you know someone who knows how to do it? 
Attempt to figure things out and make mistakes until you succeed.
 Not any longer. A short Google search will turn up instructive YouTube videos, blog entries, and PDFs that will show you how to perform just about anything. 

   So many tasks to run!

Saturday mornings used to be consumed by shopping. You were exhausted by the time you arrived home and just wanted to rest. Running your own chores is a thing of the past due to online shopping and services like Amazon and Flipkart. 
Amazon and Flipkart service allows you to order groceries online and have them delivered to your door. These services are beneficial to persons who are physically unable to perform some duties on their own, but they are also used by able-bodied people for the sake of convenience. Purchasing clothing, electronics, and other items used to necessitate leaving the house.

Not any longer. The e-commerce industry is growing, with sales predicted to rise by 62 percent by 2016. Because I enjoy internet shopping, I am unquestionably contributing to the problem. However, I must admit that it has made me a little lazy.

With each new piece of technology that is launched, it appears that we are becoming lazier and lazier. Hopefully, we don't end up looking like the characters in the film Wall-E. If you can't change the channel because you can't find the remote, or if you'd rather use Facebook and WhatsApp than drive to see friends or family, technology may be making you unproductive.

Now let's see the Negative sides of using technology.

                                                           Source:- medium.com

Technology use may also increase the chance of physical problems, such as:

Eyestrain

  

 Source:- aao.org

Handheld tablets, cellphones, and computers, for example, can hold a person's attention for long periods. This could cause eyestrain.

Blurred sight and dry eyes are two common symptoms of digital eyestrain. Eye strain can cause pain in other body parts, including the head, neck, and shoulders.

Eye strain can be caused by a variety of technical causes, including:

• screen time

• screen glare

• screen brightness

• viewing too close or too far away

• poor sitting posture

• underlying vision issues

Poor posture

Poor posture can also be caused by how many individuals use their phones and laptops. Over time, this might lead to musculoskeletal issues.
Many technologies urge users to assume a "down and forward" posture, in which they bend forward and stare at the screen. The neck and spine may be subjected to undue stress as a result of this.
Other factors, such as age and degree of activity, may play a role in neck pain.
Using technology to correct posture issues may result in an overall improvement in posture and strength in the core, neck, and back.
For example, if a person finds themselves sitting in the same posture for long periods of time, such as at a desk while working, standing or stretching on a frequent basis may assist alleviate bodily tension.
Taking little breaks, such as strolling about the office every now and then, is also beneficial. can also assist maintain muscles relaxed and prevent tension and bad posture.

                                       source:- verywellmind.com

Sleep problems

Using technology at bedtime can lead to sleep problems. Blue light, such as that from cell phones, e-readers, and laptops, stimulates the brain, which causes this effect.
According to researchers from a 2014 study, this blue light is enough to disrupt the body's natural circadian cycle. This disruption may make it difficult to fall asleep or cause a person to be less attentive the next day.

                             Source:-indianexpress.com

Reduced physical activity

The majority of standard digital technologies are passive. More extensive use of these technology encourages a more sedentary lifestyle, which has been linked to a variety of health problems, including: 

• obesity

• cardiovascular disease

• type 2 diabetes

• premature death

                            Source:- open.edu

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Endangered species of India

                     Endangered Species

An endangered species is a living thing that is on the verge of extinction. Species become endangered due to two factors: habitat loss and genetic variation loss.

Habitat Loss

Natural calamities can cause problems in ecosystems. For example, dinosaurs have been extinct for 65 million years. The hot, dry environment of the Cretaceous period abruptly altered, most likely due to an asteroid impact. Habitat loss can be exacerbated by human activity. The habitat of native organisms is reduced due to development for housing, industry, and agriculture. It can occur in a several ways.

                                    source:- fao.org

Development has the potential to eliminate habitat and native species directly. Hundreds of thousands of acres of the Amazon rain forest in South America have been removed by developers. Indirectly, development can endanger species. Some species, such as rain forest fig trees, may serve as habitats for other animals. Species that rely on tree habitats may become threatened as a result of tree destruction. In a rainforest's canopy, or upper layer, tree crowns provide habitat. The rain forest canopy is home to plants like vines, fungi like mushrooms, and insects like butterflies. Hundreds of tropical birds and animal species, including monkeys, agree. This habitat is being lost as trees are cut down. There is less space for species to survive and reproduce.

Loss of Genetic Variation

The diversity seen within a species is referred to as genetic variation. It's why people's hair might be blond, red, brown, or black. Species can adapt to changes in the environment thanks to genetic variety. Generally, the larger a species' population, the more genetic variety it has.
Inbreeding is the practise of reproducing with close relatives. Because no new genetic information is transferred to groups of animals that have a predisposition to inbreed, they usually have limited genetic variation. Disease is far more common and devastating among inbred populations.
Inbred species lack the genetic diversity needed to acquire disease resistance. As a result, fewer kids of inbred groups reach adulthood. Natural selection can lead to a loss of genetic variety. Cheetahs are a threatened African and Asian species. There is virtually little genetic variation among these large cats. Cheetahs underwent a long period of inbreeding during the previous ice age, according to biologists. As a result, cheetahs have extremely few genetic distinctions from one another. Because they are unable to adjust to changes in the environment as fast as other animals, fewer cheetahs reach adulthood. Cheetahs are also considerably harder to procreate in captivity than other big cats like lions.
Genetic variety can also be lost as a result of human activities. Many animal species have been decimated as a result of overhunting and overfishing. There are fewer breeding couples when the population is reduced. A breeding pair consists of two mature members of the species who are not related and are capable of producing healthy offspring. Genetic variation decreases as the number of breeding couples decreases. 

List of 7 National Endangered Species 

1. Asiatic Lion

The Asiatic Lion is one of the most potent lion species on the planet. The species' entire population is currently restricted to Gir National Park and its environs in Gujarat, and India is the only place you can find it. The species has been listed as endangered by the IUCN Red List due to a steady decline in its number since 2010. There are currently about 650 Asiatic Lions surviving in the country.

2. Bengal Tiger

The Bengal Tiger, often known as the "Big Cat" in our country, has 70 per cent of its population in India. In the last four years, the species has become endangered due to widespread poaching in India. Currently, there are a considerable number of Bengal Tigers in Corbett National Park, while the entire population of these tigers in India is around 2000.

                                                            source:- nationalgeographic.com

3. Snow Leopard

The snow leopard is a huge cat that used to be found in vast numbers in Asia's mountain ranges, but the number of snow leopards has decreased to almost 500 due to persistent human meddling in their natural environment. Only Ladakh, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, and the western and eastern Himalayas are presently home to these cats.

                                       source:- www.panda.org

4. Nilgiri Tahr

The Nilgiri Tahr is a critically endangered mountain goat that can currently be found in parts of Kerala. Because to ongoing poaching and a lack of natural habitats, the species has become endangered. They are the state animal of Tamil Nadu, although they are now having difficulty finding a home in the state. There are around 2500 Nilgiri Tahrs left in the world, and their numbers are steadily declining due to detrimental human activities.

                                               

                                                       source:- thenewsminute.com

5. Kashmiri Red Stag

For decades, the Kashmiri Red Stag, also known as Hangul, has been critically threatened. The animal can be found in the deep riverine woods of Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh's upper valleys. The number of Kashmiri red stags had plummeted to just 150 in 1970, but many conservation efforts have been undertaken since then to safeguard this critically endangered species in our country.

                              source:-thecitizen.in

6. Blackbuck

The blackbuck, also called as the Indian antelope, can be found in India, Nepal, and Pakistan in a variety of habitats. Due to excessive poaching and interference with its natural environment. In Bangladesh, the species has been declared extinct, while it is now endangered in India. The blackbuck is presently only found in tiny herds throughout the country, but it has been imported to Argentina and the United States as a precautionary step to raise their numbers.

                                    source:- worldlandtrust.org

7. One- horned rhinoceros

The IUCN lists the one-horned rhino, also known as the Indian rhinoceros, as a vulnerable species. The animal is primarily found in the Himalayan foothills of India and Nepal. Their horns, which are said to have medicinal benefits, are generally poached. Because of persistent poaching, the population has declined over time, with fewer than 2000 rhinos left in the wild. They are now protected in a number of wildlife refuges and parks around the country.

                                source:- worldwildlife.org

Amazing Facts about Human Body

Are You Aware of These Interesting Facts About the Human Body?

Interesting Facts about the human body:- The human body is a wonderful, unique, and puzzling machine. Here's the thing: we're surrounded by stuff, so it's easy to overlook how magnificent internal organs, eyes, and even the basic building blocks of life (cells) are. 

                

                             source:- india.com

• In the morning, you'll be taller.

Measure yourself twice a day, once in the morning and once at night. Because the cartilage in your bones compresses over the day, you'll be taller in the morning. Thank you so much, gravity!

                  

                                          source:- genmice.com 

• Every day, your heart beats 100,000 times.

Your heart beats roughly 100,000 times every day, depending on your BPM. This translates to 2,000 litres of the blood being circulated throughout the body.                 

                           Source: breakingmuscle.com

• Your kidneys have the most blood flow.

Your kidneys have the most blood flow, not your heart, liver, or brain. Because the kidneys are the body's natural filtration mechanism, this is true.

                    

                          source:- innews.co.in

• Saliva swimming pool

Do you know that a person's saliva produces enough saliva to fill two swimming pools in their lifetime? It's disgusting, but it sounds fantastic!!

                            

                                source:- thebridge.in

• Pink lungs are healthy lungs.

On the outside, healthy lungs seem pink and rubbery. However, the more you smoke, the tarrier and blacker they grow. This can have a negative impact on your quality of life and possibly cause benign growths (air bubbles) to burst in your lungs (a condition called spontaneous pneumothorax)

                                             

                                           source:-beyoung.in

•  Black and white dreams

Only 12% of people have black-and-white dreams. What's strange is that before colour television, people slept and dreamed in black and white even more (15%). Although most people still dream in colour, it's fascinating to watch how the human brain is affected by media.

                                           source:- blinq.art

• Your blood vessels could travel over the world.

Despite the fact that people's blood vessels are small, their network is incredibly long. They would cover more than 60,000 miles if they were spread out. Please don't do this; it's essential to retain the blood vessels in your body.

                              source:-gettyimages.com

• A healthy adult has 2000-4000 taste buds.

They don't just live on the tongue. These tiny taste organs can also be found in the back of your throat, your nose, and your oesophagus. That's true; your nose is capable of tasting as well as smelling. The sense of smell is crucial in the process of tasting.

                              source:- onhealth.com

• There are almost 600 muscles in your body.

The masseter muscle, which is found in your jaw, is your strongest muscle. Your weakest muscle is the stapedius, which is positioned in the centre of your ear.

                                       

                        source:- usatoday.com

                             

• Long-term memories become more difficult for your brain with time.

Because the brain cannot filter and delete old memories, it will have a tougher problem with long-term memory over time, preventing it from acquiring new concepts. That means that throughout a lifetime, the brain has to work harder to form memories.

                      source:- blog. Google                   

• There are 1000 distinct species of microorganisms on your skin.

 The outer layer of your skin is essential in protecting the body against bacteria ((On the skin alone, there are 1000 distinct bacteria species at any given moment), which is why it renews itself regularly. The entire skin cell renewal process takes roughly 28 days.

                           

                          

                          source:- int.eucerin.com

• Your femur is your strongest and longest bone.

One of the ossicles in the ear is the tiniest bone in the body. Your feet contain one-quarter of your body's bones.

                                 

                            source:- photocase.com

• You're most likely more like your father.

Researchers discovered that your genes favour your father in balancing the female egg and male sperm, especially over numerous generations. Gene expression is the term for this phenomenon.

                           

                                 

                           source:- womansday.com

• Don't be Sweats about these wonderful facts.

Don't be alarmed by these fascinating facts! Sweat glands number between 2 and 5 million, and the more active you are, the more you sweat. This is because your body senses the need to cool down to continue working out. Regular sweat and stress sweat is made up of various ingredients. Stress fat contains fatty acids, but normal perspiration does not. It's strange to consider how your brain regulates that, huh? 

                               

                              source:- pinterest.com                        

             

• Goosebumps: The Science Behind It

I'm not referring to horror stories; instead, Goosebumps occur due to our evolutionary forefathers. The human skin appears unusual when the muscles surrounding the base of each hair become tense, especially when we are terrified or have an emotional recollection.

                          

                         Source: sciencekidz.co.nz

• The brain has the ability to turn on a light bulb.

Our brains can generate electricity and energy when we are awake, allowing us to light a bulb. It absorbs the same amount of electricity as a ten-watt light bulb. Now you know it's kind of right the next time you're overthinking with a cartoon bulb image!!

Source: factmonster.com

                                                                     

                                                                         THANK YOU